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Two ideas run through every result. A definite answer is worth paying for; a guess is not. Only valid, invalid and found are charged. Everything else is free, every time. A catch-all domain is not automatically a dead end. Many business domains accept every address, so SMTP alone cannot tell you whether one mailbox is real. When that happens we look for a real account profile behind the exact address, and for a control address that has none. If we find that asymmetry, the result is valid with reason: "profile_linked" — a real mailbox on a domain most verifiers would have shrugged at. If we do not, you get catch_all and pay nothing.

Verify result

status

reason

Other fields

Find result

status

unknown is not a negative. A catch-all domain, a host that would not answer, or two addresses that both qualify all land here. None of them is evidence that the person has no address.

reason

confidence

null when no address was emitted.

mailbox

The same vocabulary as verify status, plus unverified when no probe ran on the found address.
There is no separate attribution field. One confidence tier carries how strong the evidence is, and high means specifically that we matched a real profile rather than just an accepting mail server.